Umhlaba onqabileyo waziwa ngokuba yi "vitamin" yoshishino lwanamhlanje, kwaye unexabiso elibalulekileyo lobuchule kwimveliso ekrelekrele, ishishini lamandla amatsha, indawo yasemkhosini, i-aerospace, unyango, kunye nawo onke amashishini asakhulayo abandakanya ikamva.
Isizukulwana sesithathu somhlaba onqabileyo wemagnethi weNdFeB ngowona magnethi unamandla kwimagnethi yangoku, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "permanent magnet king". Imagnethi ye-NdFeB yenye yezona zinto zinamandla zemagneti ezifunyenwe kwihlabathi, kwaye iipropathi zayo zemagneti ziphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-10 kune-ferrite esetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili, kwaye phantse amaxesha ama-1 aphezulu kunesizukulwana sokuqala kunye nesesibini semagnethi yomhlaba enqabileyo (samarium cobalt umazibuthe osisigxina) . Isebenzisa "intsimbi" endaweni ye "cobalt" njengento ekrwada, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwizixhobo ezinqabileyo, kwaye iindleko zincitshiswe kakhulu, okwenza ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kweemagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kunokwenzeka. Imagnethi ye-NdFeB yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokwenza izixhobo ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ezincinci kunye nezikhaphukhaphu, eziya kuba nefuthe loguquko kwizicelo ezininzi.
Ngenxa yeenzuzo zezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zaseTshayina, i-China iye yaba ngumboneleli omkhulu wehlabathi we-NdFeB imathiriyeli kazibuthe, ethatha malunga ne-85% yemveliso yehlabathi, ngoko ke makhe sihlolisise intsimi yesicelo seNdFeB yeemveliso zemagnethi.
Usetyenziso lweemagnethi zeNdFeB
1.Imoto yeOthodoki
Ukusetyenziswa kweemagnethi ze-NdFeB ezisebenza kakhulu kwiimoto zemveli zigxile kakhulu kwintsimi ye-EPS kunye ne-micromotors. I-EPS yokulawula amandla e-elektroniki inokubonelela ngempembelelo yamandla enjini ngesantya esahlukileyo, iqinisekisa ukuba imoto ilula kwaye iguquguquka xa iqhuba ngesantya esiphantsi, kwaye izinzile kwaye inokwethenjelwa xa iqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu. I-EPS ineemfuno eziphezulu ekusebenzeni, ubunzima kunye nomthamo weenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina, kuba imathiriyeli yemagnethi esisigxina kwi-EPS yeyona nto iphezulu yokusebenza kweemagnethi zeNdFeB, ubukhulu becala iimagnethi zeNdFeB. Ukongeza kwi-starter eqala i-injini emotweni, ezinye ii-motor ezisasazwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwimoto zi-micromotors. Imagnethi ye-NdFeB imagnethi esisigxina inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo, osetyenziselwa ukwenza imoto inezibonelelo zobukhulu obuncinci, ubunzima obukhanyayo, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye nokonga amandla, i-micromotor yangaphambili yemoto njenge-wiper, i-windshield scrubber, impompo yeoli yombane, i-antenna ezenzekelayo kunye nezinye izinto. umthombo wamandla endibano, inani lincinci ngokwentelekiso. Iimoto zanamhlanje ziphishekela ukunethezeka kunye nokuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye iinjini ezincinci ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeemoto zanamhlanje. I-Skylight motor, i-motor yokulungisa isihlalo, i-motor yebhanti, i-eriyali yombane, i-baffle yokucoca imoto, i-motor fan ebandayo, i-air conditioner motor, impompo yamanzi yombane, njl. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwemizi-mveliso yeemoto, inqwelo-mafutha nganye yodidi kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngee-micromotors ezili-100, ubuncinane iimoto zodidi oluphezulu ezingama-60, kunye neemoto zezoqoqosho ubuncinane ezingama-20.
2.Imoto yaMandla eNtsha
Imagnethi yeNdFeB yemagnethi esisigxina yenye yezona zinto zisebenzayo kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha. Izinto zemagnethi ze-NdFeB zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimotor, ezinokuqonda "imagnethi yeNdFeB" yeemoto zemoto. Kwimoto, kuphela ngemoto encinci, inokunciphisa ubunzima bemoto, iphucule ukhuseleko, inciphise ukukhutshwa kombhobho, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwemoto iyonke. Ukusetyenziswa kwemagnethi ye-NdFeB yemagnethi kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha inkulu, kwaye isithuthi ngasinye esixutyiweyo (HEV) sisebenzisa malunga ne-1KG ngaphezulu kwemagnethi ye-NdFeB kunezithuthi zemveli; Kwizithuthi zombane ezisulungekileyo (EV), iimotor zemagnethi ezisisigxina emhlabeni endaweni yeejenereyitha zemveli zisebenzisa malunga nemagnethi ye-2KG NdFeB.
3.AIndawo ye-erospace
Iimotor zemagnethi ezisisigxina zomhlaba zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zombane kwinqwelomoya. Inkqubo yebrake yombane yinkqubo yokuqhuba enenjini yombane njengesiqhoboshi sayo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokulawula ukubhabha kwenqwelomoya, iinkqubo zolawulo lokusingqongileyo, iinkqubo zokuqhobosha, amafutha kunye neenkqubo zokuqala. Ngenxa yokuba iimagnethi ezisisigxina zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zineempawu ezintle zemagneti, indawo eyomeleleyo yemagnethi esisigxina inokusekwa ngaphandle kwamandla ongezelelweyo emva kokwenza umazibuthe. I-motor yemagnethi esisigxina yomhlaba enqabileyo eyenziwe ngokutshintsha indawo yombane yemoto yendabuko ayisebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa ilula kwisakhiwo, ithembekile ekusebenzeni, incinci ngobukhulu kunye nokukhanya kobunzima. Ayinakuphumelela kuphela ukusebenza okuphezulu okungenakufezekiswa ziimotor zemveli (ezifana nokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu, isantya esiphezulu, isantya esiphezulu sokuphendula), kodwa inokuvelisa iinjini ezikhethekileyo ukuhlangabezana nokusebenza okuthile. iimfuno.
4.Eminye imimandla yezothutho (oololiwe abahamba ngesantya esiphezulu, oololiwe bangaphantsi, oololiwe be-maglev, iitram)
Ngo-2015, umsebenzi wovavanyo waseTshayina "osisigxina umazibuthe onesantya esiphezulu" esebenza ngempumelelo, ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokutsaleka yemagnethi enqabileyo yomhlaba esisigxina, ngenxa yemagnethi esisigxina yokuqhubela phambili ukuqhubela phambili, kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla aphezulu, isantya esizinzile, ingxolo ephantsi, encinci. ubungakanani, ubunzima obulula, ukuthembeka kunye nezinye iimpawu ezininzi, ukuze uloliwe wemoto eyi-8, ukusuka kwiimoto ezi-6 ukuya kwiimoto ezi-4 ezixhotyiswe ngamandla. Ngaloo ndlela ukonga iindleko zenkqubo yokutsala yeemoto ezi-2, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kukaloliwe, ukonga ubuncinane i-10% yombane, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zomjikelo wobomi bakaloliwe.
Emva kweIimagnethi zeNdFeBUmhlaba onqabileyo wemagnethi wokutsalwa kwemagnethi usetyenziswa kwindlela engaphantsi, ingxolo yenkqubo isezantsi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-asynchronous motor xa ibaleka ngesantya esiphantsi. Ijeneretha yemagnethi esisigxina isebenzisa ulwakhiwo olutsha loyilo lwemoto oluvaliweyo, olunokuqinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba inkqubo yokupholisa yangaphakathi yemoto icocekile kwaye icocekile, isusa ingxaki yokuvalwa kokucoca okubangelwa yicoil eveziweyo ye-asynchronous traction motor ngaphambili, kunye nokwenza usetyenziso lukhuseleke kwaye luthembeke ngakumbi ngolondolozo oluncinci.
5.ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya
Kwintsimi yamandla omoya, ukusebenza okuphezuluIimagnethi zeNdFeBisetyenziswa ikakhulu kuqhubo oluthe ngqo, isemi-drive kunye nesantya esiphezulu esinesantya esiphezulu somoya weeinjini zomoya zemagnethi, ezithatha i-impeller yefeni ukuba iqhube ngokuthe ngqo ukujikeleza kwejenereyitha, ephawulwa luvuselelo olusisigxina lwemagnethi, akukho mazalo okuvuselela, kwaye akukho msesane nomqokeleli kunye nebrashi kwirotor. . Ngoko ke, inesakhiwo esilula kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kokusebenza okuphezuluIimagnethi zeNdFeByehlisa ubunzima beeinjini zomoya kwaye izenze zisebenze ngakumbi. Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kweIimagnethi zeNdFeBIyunithi ye-megawatt e-1 imalunga netoni e-1, ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kweshishini lamandla omoya, ukusetyenziswa kweIimagnethi zeNdFeBkwiiinjini zomoya nazo ziya kwanda ngokukhawuleza.
6.i-elektroniki yabathengi
a.inombolo kanomyayi
Ukwenza okuphezuluIimagnethi zeNdFeBsisixhobo esiyimfuneko esinesiphelo esiphezulu kwiifowuni ze-smart. Inxalenye ye-electroacoustic ye-smart phone (i-microphone, isithethi esincinci, i-headset ye-Bluetooth, i-headset ye-hi-fi stereo), i-motor vibration, ukugxila kwekhamera kunye ne-sensor applications, ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo kunye neminye imisebenzi kufuneka ifake iimpawu ezinamandla zemagnethi.Iimagnethi zeNdFeB.
b.VCM
I-Voice coil motor (VCM) luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwenjini yokuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo, enokuthi iguqule ngokuthe ngqo amandla ombane abe ngamandla omatshini ahambayo. Umgaqo kukubeka isangqa sombhobho ojikajikayo kwindawo efanayo yomsantsa womoya, kwaye ukujika kunamandla okuvelisa amandla e-electromagnetic ukuqhuba umthwalo wentshukumo ehambelanayo yomgca, kwaye utshintshe amandla kunye nepolarity yangoku, ukuze ubungakanani kunye nolwalathiso lwamandla ombane we-electromagnetic lunokutshintshwa.VCM ineenzuzo zokuphendula okuphezulu, isantya esiphezulu, ukukhawuleza okuphezulu, isakhiwo esilula, ubungakanani obuncinci, iimpawu ezintle zamandla, ukulawula, njl. I-VCM kwi-hard disk drive (HDD) ikakhulu njengentloko yediski ukubonelela ngentshukumo, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-HDD.
c.i-air conditioner eguquguqukayo
Ukuguquguquka komoya womoya oguquguqukayo kusetyenziso lwe-micro-control ukwenza ukuba i-compressor isebenze frequency inokutshintsha ngaphakathi kuluhlu oluthile, ngokuguqula ukuphindaphindeka kwe-voltage yegalelo ukulawula isantya semoto, ebangela ukuba icompressor itshintshe ukuhanjiswa kwegesi ukuya. tshintsha i-refrigerant circulation flow, ukwenzela ukuba amandla okupholisa okanye amandla okufudumeza kwe-air conditioner atshintshe ukufezekisa injongo yokulungelelanisa ubushushu be-ambient. Ke ngoko, xa kuthelekiswa ne-fixed frequency air conditioning, i-frequency conversion air conditioning inenzuzo yokusebenza okuphezulu, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ngenxa yokuba umazibuthe we-NdFeB umazibuthe ungcono kune-ferrite, ukonga amandla kunye nesiphumo sokusingqongileyo kungcono, kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi ukuba isetyenziswe kwicompressor ye-air conditioner yokuguqulwa kwamaza, kwaye i-air conditioner nganye yokuguqula i-air conditioner isebenzisa malunga ne-0.2 kg yemagnethi ye-NdFeB. impahla.
d.Kukubhadla okungeyonyani
Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokuveliswa okukrelekrele kuye kwafumana ingqwalasela ethe kratya, iirobhothi ezikrelekrele ziye zaba yeyona teknoloji iphambili yohlengahlengiso lwabantu behlabathi, kwaye imotor yokuqhuba yeyona nto iphambili yerobhothi. Ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yokuqhuba, micro-Iimagnethi zeNdFeBzikho kuyo yonke indawo. Ngokutsho kolwazi kunye nedatha ibonisa ukuba i-robot yangoku yemoto yemagnethi ye-servo motor kunyeIimagnethi zeNdFeBInjini yemagnethi esisigxina yeyona iphambili, i-servo motor, isilawuli, inzwa kunye nesinciphisi zizinto eziphambili zenkqubo yokulawula irobhothi kunye neemveliso ezizenzekelayo. Intshukumo edibeneyo yerobhothi iqondwa ngokuqhuba i-motor, efuna ubunzima obukhulu kakhulu kunye ne-torque inertia ratio, i-torque yokuqala ephezulu, inertia ephantsi kunye noluhlu olugudileyo kunye nolubanzi lolawulo lwesantya. Ngokukodwa, i-actuator (i-gripper) ekupheleni kwerobhothi kufuneka ibe yincinci kwaye ilula ngokusemandleni. Xa impendulo ekhawulezayo ifuneka, i-motor ye-drive kufuneka ibe nomthamo omkhulu wokulayisha ixesha elifutshane; Ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nozinzo yimfuneko yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwemoto yokuqhuba kwiirobhothi zemizi-mveliso, ngoko ke imotor yemagnethi esisigxina yomhlaba yeyona ifanelekileyo.
7.ishishini lezonyango
Ngokwemigaqo yezonyango, ukuvela kweIimagnethi zeNdFeBuye wakhuthaza uphuhliso kunye ne-miniaturization ye-imaging magnetic resonance imaging MRI. Umazibuthe osisigxina RMI-CT isixhobo somfanekiso wemagnethi resonance esetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa imagnethi esisigxina yeferrite, ubunzima bemagnethi bufikelela kwiitoni ezingama-50, ukusetyenziswa kwemagnethiIimagnethi zeNdFeBIsixhobo semagnethi esisigxina, umfanekiso ngamnye wenyukliya wemagnetic resonance ufuna kuphela iitoni ezi-0.5 ukuya kwi-3 yeetoni zemagnethi esisigxina, kodwa amandla emagnethi anokuphindwa kabini, aphucula kakhulu ukucaca komfanekiso, kwayeIimagnethi zeNdFeBisixhobo sohlobo lwemagnethi esisigxina sineyona ndawo incinci, ukuvuza okuncinci. Elona xabiso liphantsi lokusebenza kunye nezinye iingenelo.
Iimagnethi zeNdFeBiba yeyona nkxaso iphambili kumashishini amaninzi aphambili ngamandla ayo anamandla emagnethi kunye nokusebenza okubanzi. Siyakuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo, ngoko senza konke okusemandleni ethu ukwakha inkqubo yemveliso ephucukileyo. I-Hangzhou Magnet Power Technology Co., Ltd. iphumelele ngempumelelo ibhetshi kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo yeIimagnethi zeNdFeB, nokuba ngaba i-N56 series, i-50SH, okanye i-45UH, i-38AH uchungechunge, sinokubonelela abathengi ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokubonelela ngokuthembekileyo. Isiseko sethu semveliso samkela izixhobo ezizihambelayo eziphambili kunye nenkqubo yolawulo ekrelekrele ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokuvelisa. Inkqubo yokuvavanya umgangatho ongqongqo, ungaphoswa naziphi na iinkcukacha, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqhekeza ngalinyeIimagnethi zeNdFeBukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu, ukuze sikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi abahlukeneyo. Ingaba ngumyalelo omkhulu okanye imfuno eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, sinokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye sihambise ngexesha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-29-2024
